KRISHAK CORNER

Phyllanthus emblica Indian gooseberry (amla) Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae (unranked): Angiosperms (unranked): Eudicots (unranked): Rosids Order: Malpighiales Family: Phyllanthaceae Tribe: Phyllantheae Subtribe: Flueggeinae Genus: Phyllanthus Species: P. emblica Binomial name Phyllanthus emblica Synonyms Cicca emblica Kurz Emblica officinalis Gaertn. Mirobalanus embilica Burm. Phyllanthus mairei Lév. Phyllanthus emblica (syn. Emblica officinalis), the Indian gooseberry, or aamla', is a deciduous tree of the Phyllanthaceae family. It is known for its edible fruit of the same name. • Plant anatomy and harvesting The tree is small to medium in size, reaching 8 to 18 m in height, with a crooked trunk and spreading branches. The branchlets are glabrous or finely pubescent, 10–20 cm long, usually deciduous; the leaves are simple, subsessile and closely set along branchlets, light green, resembling pinnate leaves. The flowers are greenis...

chironji Buchanania lanzan Charoli nuts Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae (unranked): Angiosperms (unranked): Eudicots (unranked): Rosids Order: Sapindales Family: Anacardiaceae Genus: Buchanania Species: Buchanania lanzan Spreng. Charoli (Hindi: चारोली; Marathi: चारोळी; also called chironji, Hindi: चिरौन्जी) are seeds of Buchanania lanzan used as a cooking spice primarily in India.[1] Charoli are tiny almond-flavoured dried seeds of a bush called Buchanania lanzan, which is cultivated across India, primarily in the northwest. After the hard shell is cracked, the stubby seed within is as soft as a pine nut.[1] They are commonly used in sweets in India. However, they are also ground into powders for thickening savory sauces and flavoring batters, and stewed into rich, meaty kormas.[1] Charoli seeds are used in the Ayurveda and Unani system of medicine Chironji Tree is a medium-sized deciduous tree, growing to about 50 ft tall. It bears fruits each cot...

Chironji, Indian medicinal plant

French bean also known as rajma (Hindi) or haricot bean or kidney bean or common bean or snap bean, navy bean. It is valued for its protein rich (23%) seeds. Seeds are also rich in calcium, phosphorus and iron. The fresh pods and green leaves are used as vegetable. The antimetabolites of dry beans needs removal by cooking and soaking in water. Origin French beans have evolved in the highlands of middle America and Ander from a wild vine over a period of 7000-8000 years.The primary and Peruvian-Ecquadrion-Bolvian region of South America as the secondary center of French bean. Geographic Distribution Globally French bean is cultivated on about 28 m ha with a production of 19 million tonnes. Brazil is the leading producer of French beans. Columbia, USA, Canada, Ethiopia, China and Turkey are other leading countries producing French bean. In India, it is grown on an area of about 1 lakh ha mainly in the states of Maharashtra , Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh H...

Principles and practices of using cover crops in weed management systems - John. R. Teasdale INTRODUCTION Cover crops are plant species that are introduced into crop rotations to provide beneficial services to the agro-ecosystem. Some of the most important environmental services provided by cover crops include soil protection from erosion, capture and prevention of soil nutrient losses, fixation of nitrogen by legumes, increase in soil carbon and associated improvements in soil physical and chemical characteristics, decrease in soil temperature, increase in biological diversity including beneficial organisms, and suppression of weeds and pests (Sustainable Agriculture Network, 1998). This chapter will focus on weed suppression by cover crops, but the need to manage cover crops to optimize the totality of impacts on the ecosystem will be emphasized at the conclusion. Cover crops can be grouped into two categories: 1) annuals that are grown during an off-season or period of the year t...

Weed management in vegetables - C. Zaragoza INTRODUCTION Vegetable growing imposes a particular weed-management approach. Vegetable areas are usually small, but produce high-value crops that are commercially and gastronomically appreciated. Fruit and leaf crops provide important income for farmers and workers at local or regional levels. Providing evidence of small surfaces used for growing vegetables, in Spain for the year 1999 the area covered 395 300 ha, with a production of about 12 million tonnes. Irrigation is another typical characteristic of these crops in Mediterranean or arid areas. The type of irrigation used also conditions weed management because of the many systems available: traditional irrigation through flooding or by furrows, and the more modern sprinkling, drip and infiltration irrigation. Herbicides have different behaviour. Their incorporation is affected by water and crop selectivity can thus be substantially reduced. Traditional vegetable-growing areas are...

Progress on water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) management - Maricela Martínez Jiménez INTRODUCTION Brazil is the most likely place of origin of water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes, (C. Martius) Solmn-Laubach, with a natural extension to other areas on the South American continent. The beauty of its flower led to the plant’s introduction into other tropical countries as a decorative plant (Barret and Forno, 1982), and finally its conversion into a weed in response to the high level of nutrients in the urban, industrial and municipal wastewater. International experience (Harley, 1990; Gutiérrez et al. 1994;) shows that the plant’s reproductive capacity, adaptability, nutritional requirements and resistance to adverse environments make it impossible to eradicate, and difficult to control. A variety of methods have been tried to curb the growth of the weed. Herbicides are used most often, because they provide an immediate action tool, although, they are costly and may have toxic eff...